IVF (In Vitro Fertilization) and surrogacy are two distinct medical procedures often associated with assisted reproductive technologies. While they are both designed to help individuals and couples overcome infertility, they differ in process and purpose. Let’s delve into the complete IVF procedure and explore how it differs from surrogacy.

What is the Complete Procedure of IVF?

IVF, commonly known as the test tube baby process, involves fertilizing an egg outside the body in a controlled laboratory environment. Here’s a step-by-step overview of the IVF process:

1. Ovarian Stimulation

• The woman receives hormone injections to stimulate the ovaries to produce multiple eggs.
• This ensures a higher number of eggs for fertilization.

2. Egg Retrieval

• Mature eggs are collected from the ovaries through a minor surgical procedure called follicular aspiration.
• The procedure is performed under sedation.

3. Sperm Collection and Preparation

• A semen sample is collected from the male partner or a donor.
• The healthiest sperm are selected and prepared for fertilization.

4. Fertilization

• The eggs and sperm are combined in a laboratory dish for fertilization.
• Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI) may be used in cases of male infertility.

5. Embryo Development

• Fertilized eggs develop into embryos under controlled laboratory conditions.
• Embryos are monitored for quality and growth.

6. Embryo Transfer

• A selected embryo is transferred into the woman’s uterus using a thin catheter.
• This procedure is painless and does not require anesthesia.

7. Pregnancy Test

• After two weeks, a blood test is performed to confirm pregnancy.

What is a "Test Tube Baby"?

A test tube baby is a term often used to describe babies conceived through IVF. The term originates from the laboratory setting where fertilization occurs in a petri dish rather than a test tube.

What is Surrogacy?

Surrogacy is a process in which a woman (the surrogate) carries and delivers a baby for another individual or couple. There are two main types:

1. Traditional Surrogacy:

   • The surrogate’s egg is fertilized with the sperm of the intended father or a donor, making her the biological mother.

2. Gestational Surrogacy:

   • An embryo created through IVF using the intended parents' or donors' genetic material is implanted into the surrogate.
   • The surrogate has no genetic link to the baby.